Hidden Story of the Region : K-water Webzine 2024. AUGUST VOL.677

Hidden Story of the Region

Wishing on the Sea for the Wellbeing of the Whole Village
Wido Ttibaennori Boating Festival

On the 3rd of every January, a special festival takes place on Wido Island in Buan-gun, to pray for the wellbeing of the village. It is the Wido Ttibaennori Boating Festival. Participating residents sail out to sea with a crew of puppets, on a boat carrying colorful flags symbolizing a boat full of fish and written statement spraying for the wellbeing of all the residents of the village.

Text by Haeng-jwa Choi Photos by National Heritage Portal of National Heritage Service Source: Encyclopedia of Korean Folk Culture




“A Ritual Praying for a Bountiful Catch”

On Wido Island, located approximately 50 minutes by boat west of Gyukpo Port in Buan-gun, the Wido Ttibaennori Boating Festival is held every year on January 3rd according to the lunar calendar in Dae-ri Village. People come from all over the country to watch the festival held to pray for the peace of the village and a bountiful catch. And it is an exciting annual event for local people as well.
Designated as national intangible heritage in 1985, the festival is also known as “Ttibaetgut”and the name Ttibaennori stems from the practice of letting a boat made of tti (imperata cylindrica, or more commonly known as cogon grass) sail out to sea as part of the ritual. The festival begins with wondangjaeand proceeds in the order of tti boat-making, circling Jusan Mountain, Yongwangjae(shamanistic ritual honoring the Dragon King of the Sea), tti boat launching and Daedongmadang.
The highlight of the festival is the launching of the tti boat. A small boat made of tti grown in the village is launched, carrying five-colored flags symbolizing a boatful of fish and puppets made of straw. The boat is meant to sail off to the Dragon King of the Sea, who is believed to live in the sea off the coast of Wido Island. People write down their wishes on a piece of paper and send them off to the sea on the boat. A fishing boat sails out too, hauling the tti boat off to the sea. When the fishing boat comes back to the village, residents start the festival, celebrating its return.

▲ Villagers are watching the tti boat as they send it off to the sea.


Fishermen’s Earnest Prayer that Transcends Borders

Just like farmers perform rituals to pray for a bountiful crop, fishing villages have the deeply-rooted, long-standing traditional culture of praying for a bountiful catch. Fishermen on Wido Island are no exception. The Chilsan Sea in front of Daeri Village used to be crowded with fishing boats all year round. Today, the majority of locals make a living by catching anchovies and growing lavers, but catching croakers was the primary source of income for the villagers for centuries. Croakers caught here, known as “Chilsan Croakers,”were regarded as one of the best-quality croakers, which were offered to the king.
Indeed, fishing was a crucial economic activity that formed the backbone of their livelihood. But pirates kept appearing on the sea, posing a constant threat to fishing boats operated by the local fishermen, and former village leader Do-gon Lee suggested that the Ttibaennori Boating Festival should be restored to unite the villagers.
Wido Ttibaennori Boating Festival has continued on after all these years despite ups and downs that the village has gone through. Similar festivals are found in other regions across the country, including Baeyeonshingut on the West Coast and Byeolshingut on Jeju Island and other parts of the West and Southern Coast. China, Japan and Southeast Asia also have similar rituals, collectively referred to as “dragon boat festivals”. There is a common thread that goes through the minds of fishermen floating boats in the sea in different parts of the world, that is, an earnest prayer for their safety and a bountiful catch.